Monday, October 29, 2007

Ideas Draft Essay Two


Please Email me your idea draft by 9 p.m. on Sunday. Due to the "schematic" nature of Ideas Drafts, you might need to do some translating from your actual "Idea Draft" into this draft--note that Working Drafts are due on Wednesday of Week Six. Spend some time, therefore, looking over and collecting your reading notes into this ideas draft. Here are some guidelines:


  • the prompt asks what the purpose of God is for Descartes. Give a character description of the speaker (Descartes?/"I"?/the Meditator), keeping in mind our lessons from Aristotle--ethos/pathos/logos and morality as a function of the mores, or character via habit, the character sketches. Try to use this essay as a way of developing your ideas about "who" it is that needs god in the Meditations.


  • mark up/annotate heavily!!! keep a reading journal as you proceed through The Meditations. Include your reactions/responses to his mention and use of God. In this draft, try to collect the passages that you find interesting and that move you towards a complex idea/thesis about God's significance.


  • Begin to analyze these passages (refer to pages 58-59 of the handbook, "the analysis checklist" for ideas about what to look for), looking up words in the OED and other philosophical sources as necessary.


  • spend some time in this draft doing your own "meditating"--what is Descartes' whole purpose in The Meditations? How does God fit in--you might begin by assessing if "a lot" or "not that much"...

picture: Birth of a Thought (2001), Susan Aldworth

Mid-term Studies


The following are questions I received from all of you. They may prove useful as study questions. Good Luck!

Describe the difference between atechnic and entechnic. How do these contribute to the art of rhetoric?

Describe the "nature of opposites."

When we say "the soul is grieved, rejoices, is confident, and afraid, and again is angry, percieves, and thinks" is it really the soul that is moving?

What is Aristotle's definition of happiness or the good life?

What does Aristotle define virtue to be? How do personal pleasures affect virtues?

Discuss the soul as Aristotle describes it. What are it's functions?

Explain the four causes. Then, choose an item, and analyze it in the form of these four causes.

There are two types of excellence, intellectual and moral. Explain the differences between the
two and how they come about.

What is rhetoric? Describe the three means of persuasion.

What is the difference between the Christian soul and the Buddhist soul?

What is the good life and how does excellence relate to it?

What are the two sorts of things in nature? Describe them.

What realm does the soul reside and define what the soul is in your words.

What distinguishes the three most prominent types of life? Explain the elements of change.

Define the 3 types of rhetoric and explain the effectiveness of each.

What are the three pisteis?

Give an example of each and explain how these means of persuasion help in building one's rhetoric?

What defines "nature" for us, and How does Aristotle define "nature" differently?

What is the Hylomorphic conception and how does it relate to Aristotle's belief of the soul?

What are some of the characteristics that Aristotle describes when he describes a life that pursues "excellency"?

Why does Aristotle say rhetoric has to be handled with care when rhetoric is everywhere?

What is the hierarchy of functions of causality and why is it structured this way?

According to Aristotle, what is the relationship between the soul and the body?

According to Aristotle, how does one achieve excellence?

List and explain the various faculties of the soul.

What is Aristotle's hylomorphic conception of the soul?

What is the role of reason in terms of our excellences?

How is ethics connected to ethos?

Explain the difference between an enthymeme and a paradigm.

A table is made of wood but it is not 'of nature'. Why?

On what level do the soul and the body interact?

Is it possible to lead a 'good life' without having an excellence?

What background conditions make an enthymeme rhetorically valid?

Aristotle states, "Everything which comes to be comes to be out of, and everything which passes away passes away into, its opposite or something in between...So the things which come to be naturally all are or are out of opposites.” (188b22-26) Take any natural thing (i.e. peach) and explain this idea of opposites with how this “thing” changes.

When discussing the soul, how does Aristotle differentiate and define the words “potentiality” and “actuality?”

What are human excellences and how can one reach these excellences?

What does it mean to live a "good life" according to Aristotle?

Is it enough just to learn how to live a moral life? How do habits play into this?

What role do opposites take in determining change?

List and describe the hierarchy of the soul.

What is rhetoric?

What does Aristotle constitute as the universe?

How are the body and the soul reliant upon each other?

What does it mean to be ethical?

What are the three types of rhetoric and define each one thoroughly. Give examples of each, and explain a situation for each where that type of rhetoric would succeed in persuading an audience.

Explain the four main components of a causal analysis and write out the questions that each one asks.

Define monism and dualism and explain the difference between the two. How do each of these relate to the soul?

Give an analysis of one of Sappho’s poems. Use the grid in the Writer’s Handbook as a reference.

Describe the relationship between the body and the soul, describing the affect of each upon the other (i.e. limitations, dependency, etc.).

Define “excellence” in Aristotle’s terms and describe how one can achieve it. Include descriptions of moral and intellectual excellence in your answer.

Describe the functions of the three forms of rhetoric, clearly defining what they are and enumerating any weaknesses they may possess.

Define the concept of hylomorphism.

If whatever is subject to change, it is then qualified as nature/or "natural". Then if this is held to be true what are the different types of information that create change? hint (2 types of info)

According to Aristotle, a "good life" is a life that pursues excellences and/or virtues. Explain what excellence is and the reasons behind excellences as well as the virtues in which Aristotle speaks about.

Explain the idea of "Hylomorphic Conception". How is this idea essential in being "alive"?

According to Aristotle, rhetoric is concerned on "how things are said" but along with Aristotle's opinion, there have been other opinions/arguments on what rhetoric is, explain two differing opinions other than that of Aristotle's that were presented in lecture.

With regard to the use of rhetoric, how does Aristotle’s view differ from the Sophists’?

A final cause asks for what purpose is a thing created. What does Aristotle think about the final cause with regard to what is NOT manmade?

Using the examples of an eye and sight, explain why in Aristotle’s opinion the soul cannot be separated from the body.

Explain how Aristotle believes that the more one trains himself to be ethical, the easier it will be for him to make decisions.

Wednesday, October 24, 2007

Week Five: Assignments

Monday, October 29
Reading: prompt, essay two (on website)
Writing: 4 "potential" short essay questions (one on each text of Aristotle)--email to me by Sunday night; list of 3 concrete improvements to essay
Wednesday, October 31
Reading: Descartes’ Meditations 1 and 2
Writing: Midterm Exam

Monday, October 22, 2007

Ethics Assignment

In lieu of turning in the study questions for The Nichomachean Ethics, which I encourage you to work through also, here is a link to a grid which asks you to evaluate "The Insincere Man" and "The Show-Off" according to Aristotle's sense of excellence. Please print out and fill in.
https://eee.uci.edu/07f/29033/home/Theophrastus+1+.doc

(The document is on the class website. If this link doesn't work, go to the website https://eee.uci.edu/07f/29033 and then click to this, which is labeled "Theophrastus."

Friday, October 19, 2007

Where is the Soul?


Focus passages for discussion:
  • actualizing/potential--page 165 lines 17-22, 166: 27-28, 169: 21 (and surrounding)
  • paradigms of the soul: wax, ax, eye ... sailor?--pages 166-167
  • the intellect, as unmixed?!--page 195 lines 18-28
  • 4 causes and faculties of the soul--pages 171-172 lines 9-12

original manuscript, Sappho, poems.

Wednesday, October 17, 2007

Grimm Causes


coal, bean, thread, stream, plate, fire, tailer, lady, seamed bean, village, straw, bridge, broth/soup, needle, bean exploding, coal hissing, coal burning straw, straw laying down, tailor sewing, woman cooking, escaping/running away of the three, bridge breaks, bean laughs, coal falls in river, etc...

Tuesday, October 16, 2007

Week Four: Assignments

Monday, October 22
Reading: Writer's Handbook, "Defining and Definitions" (Chapter 2); Aristotle, A New Aristotle Reader: Nicomachean Ethics:Book I, Chapters 4, 5, 7, 8, and 13; Book II, Chapters 1, 5, 6, and 7 Writing: Study Questions on Aristotle on the Soul (due, turn in); respond to "Grimm Causes" with analysis of one item (and comment on someone else's); Respond to "Soul" Blog, if not already
Wednesday, October 24
Reading: Writer's Handbook,"Thesis Statements" (Chapter 3); Theophrastus, "The Insincere Man" and "The Show Off" in The Character Sketches (in HCC Reader, pp. 30-31)
Writing: Pre-Writing Grid for Essay #2

Week Three: Assignments

Monday, October 15
Reading: Writer's Handbook, "What is Analysis" (Chapter 6); Aristotle, A New Aristotle Reader: On the Soul: Book I, Chapters 1 & 4; Book II, Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 4; Book III, Chapters 4 and 7; Sappho, Poems (p. 29 in HCC Reader)
Writing: Peer Editing Comments

Wednesday, October 17
Reading: Re-read Aristotle "On the Soul"
Writing: Study Questions on Aristotle on the Soul (begin; due on Monday); reader response on blog
Essay #1 Due

Monday, October 15, 2007

On the Soul

With Aristotle's essay, "On the Soul," we are presented with a new dimension of his thinking--that of what it means to be alive. We are asked to think through the analogy: soul:body <=> aristotle-shape:bronze, which pulls the physics and the discussion of form and matter into the question of the soul. What is the Soul? What problems and challenges does it present to you as a reader and as a thinker?

Tuesday, October 9, 2007

Aristotle Questions (ii)

What are the four causes? exampes?

Aristotle Questions (i)

from Physics:

What is the role of the underlying in change? Could there be change only from opposite to opposite without an underlying? exampes?

MLA Questions on Essay One

The various citations for MLA are in The Little Penguin Handbook, pages 65-100. There is a sample paper on pages 94-100, which is very helpful if you are unsure of what MLA format "looks like."

For quotation from Bacon, use: page number. Intext you can just use the page number, not the reference to author.

For citing Bacon/Aristotle on Works Cited page, refer to The Little Penguin Handbook page 76, #28: Selection from an anthology or edited collection (considering the Humanities Core Course Reader as the anthology).

Assignments Week Two

A re-cap of what to do for Wednesday October 10:

1. Discovery Task #1 (print out sheet and turn in)
2. Working Draft (3 copies)
3. print out 2 copies of the Peer Edit Handout (on Humanities Core General Site)
4. Questions on Aristotle's Physics and from Aristotle/Bacon (last week)--blog.

**you might also refer to the Handbook pages 58-59 for checklist of analysis and page 17-18 for a copy of the grading rubric.

Aristotle/Bacon Questions

Here are a few remaining from homework:

1. What is a negative thesis? a positive thesis? What is Bacon's positive thesis?
2. What are the conditions for a rhetorically sound enthymeme?
3. What is the general form of a paradigm?

Thursday, October 4, 2007

Week Two: Assignments

**please note the Working Draft is due this Wednesday--in class, I mistakenly was thinking you had another week for the draft. The final draft is due Wednesday of week 3 (October 17th)--please take note!

Monday, October 8
Reading: Writer's Handbook, “Arguing from Premises to Conclusions” (Chapter 4); Aristotle, A New Aristotle Reader: Physics: Book I, Chapters 5, 6, 7, and 8; Book II, Chapters 1, 2, 3, 7, and 8; Brothers Grimm Fairy Tale: "The Straw, the Coal and the Bean" (p. 32 in HCC Reader)
Writing: Ideas Draft Essay #1; Study Questions on Aristotle on Physics (optional)

Wednesday, October 10
Reading: Continue above
Writing: Discovery Task #1 Due; Working Draft Essay #1

The Powers of Condensation

One of the points we did not touch on Wednesday is why enthymemes are more powerful when condensed. Professor Schwab mentions this in reference to an example of an enthymeme from Bacon; he says that it is just as Aristotle had predicted in I.2.13. Condensation does not just produce a "better" enthymeme, however, it is also one of the requirements listed for a rhetorically adequate enthymeme. Why?

Week One: Assignments

Monday, October 1
Reading : Core Guide (pp. 1-22); Aristotle on Rhetoric: Introduction to Book 1: Pisteis (pp. 3-22 in HCC Reader)
Writing: In-Class Diagnostic; Aristotle on Rhetoric Study Questions (optional)

Wednesday, October 3
Reading : Preamble and Preface to The Great Instauration of Francis of Verulam (HCC Reader pp. 23-28); Writer's Handbook,“Academic Writing” and "Recognizing Rhetorical Context" (Chapter 1)
Writing: Pre-writing Grid for Essay #1; Study Questions on Bacon

Who is "he"?

Here is a link to a wikipedia article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Bacon with some contextual information. You are encouraged to do your own research if you want to find out a little bit more about Bacon to develop your statements in the essay of his purpose (and also his ethos). Use the contextual information sparingly in your essay, though, since the bulk of it should be rhetorical analysis.


Week One: Aristotle

Image: Aristotle and Phyllis, Oscar Kokoschka. Original lithograph, 1914. The image depicts the philosopher Aristotle saddled and ridden by Phyllis, a young woman whom he had previously told Alexander to avoid, because rulers needed to rule their passions. After Aristotle himself fell in love with her, she punished him by showing him that men are indeed the slaves of their lusts. A favorite theme in the art of the early German Renaissance, Kokoschka is here reviving it in recognition of his own enslavement to his desires for Alma Mahler.

After thinking about thinking more broadly in the first class, we will focus on Aristotle's concepts of logos (involving enthememes and paradigms), ethos, and pathos, and we will be analyzing the rhetoric of Bacon's preamble (titled "Francis of Verulam") to The Great Instauration of Francis of Verulam. This is the topic of the first essay (which is due on Wednesday of Week 3). Please find the link to the prompt for Essay One below and read it through as soon as possible; we will begin discussing the prompt in more detail on Wednesday, but in the meantime, please feel free to ask me questions about it (or other things) or to send me an email.
Now you can post questions below, and comments! There has been a lot of room for confusion in this first week, so please comment below if you have questions, problems, concerns, etc,...